Description and characteristics of the Kandil Orlovsky apple-tree, planting and care
The Kandil Orlovsky apple tree appeared on the market at the end of the 20th century. The culture quickly gained popularity. The apple tree is appreciated for its unpretentious care, a bountiful harvest, delicious juicy fruits. When stored properly, apples do not lose their beneficial properties until early spring. Further information on the technical characteristics of the variety, planting, care, ripening and fruiting features.
Breeding history of the variety
Kandil Orlovsky was created by Russian specialists in the mid-90s of the 20th century. They were tasked with developing a variety that can grow even in cold regions. Oryol breeders have long worked on the creation of an apple tree. The sought-after variety was created by crossing the varieties Jonathan and Welsey.
Additional Information. Small apples are believed to contain more vitamins and nutrients than large fruits.
Specifications
The variety took the best features from the parents. Gardeners appreciate Kandil Orlovsky for its unpretentious care, bountiful harvest, tasty fruits.
External description
The trees are medium-sized. They do not need intensive pruning. The crop can be planted in a small garden plot.
Height of trees
On a dwarf rootstock, an apple tree grows up to 3 meters. If the rootstock is high, the tree reaches 5 meters. Curved branches grow on the trunk. They depart from the central trunk at right angles.
Crown width
The Kandil Orlovsky apple tree has a rounded crown of medium thickening. With a bountiful harvest, the branches lean down under the weight of the fruit. To prevent the shoots from breaking, a support is installed under them.
Annual growth
During the season, shoots 10 centimeters long grow on the apple tree. The branches are of medium thickness and brown.
Leaf and flower shape
Leaves are ovoid, dark green in color. The edge of the leaf plates is slightly curled. White-pink inflorescences consist of 5-6 flowers. They resemble the shape of an umbrella.
Self-fertility
Kandil Orlovsky has partial self-fertility. The yield will be higher when other varieties of apple trees grow nearby.
Fruit tasting evaluation
Fruits are conical, ribbed. Kandil apples have a sweet and sour taste and delicate aroma. The pulp is light-grained, juicy. The tasters rated the fruit 4.5 out of 5 points.
Frost resistance
The variety was bred specifically for growing in cold regions. Trees can withstand frosts down to -35 ° C. In a harsher winter, apple tree trunks are insulated.
Tree immunity
Kandil Orlovsky has good immunity. The trees are resistant to many fungal diseases. For prevention, experienced gardeners recommend spraying the crop several times per season with fungicides and insecticides.
Pollinating varieties
In order for Kandil to set many fruits, several varieties of apple trees are planted nearby. Thanks to this trick, high yields can be achieved. The best pollinating varieties: Antonovka ordinary, Freshness, Aphrodite, Orlik, Venyaminovka.
Features of ripening and fruiting
With good care, the apple tree bears fruit every year. From the 11th year of life, the yield of trees decreases.
When to wait for the first harvest
An apple tree, grafted onto a dwarf stock, begins to bear fruit 2-3 years after planting. Up to 130 kilograms of fruit are harvested from the tree. If the stock is seed, fruiting begins in the 4th year.
Ripening period
Apples begin to ripen in early September. Remove fruits from the branches carefully. If the fruits are intended for long-term storage, they must be allowed to ripen well, not allowed to fall to the ground.
Collecting and using apples
Apples are harvested in dry, warm weather. To keep the fruits as long as possible, you must not shake the tree. Fruits are consumed fresh, dried, frozen. Juices, jam, jam, marmalade are also made from apples.
What to consider when growing a variety
In order for the Kandil apple tree to bear fruit abundantly, agrotechnical measures must be correctly carried out.
Landing
In open ground, the culture is planted in spring or autumn. Seedlings are purchased in a plant nursery or in a garden center from trusted sellers. The optimum age for plants is 1-2 years.
Important! Before planting, the top of the apple tree is cut off by ⅓.
Rules for choosing healthy seedlings
The purchased trees must be free from signs of disease and pests. The root system of healthy seedlings is well branched, the trunk is even, without spots, dents. The height of trees should not exceed 1.5 meters, otherwise they will adapt for a long time in a new place.
Soil composition
The substrate is selected loose, fertile. It can be made up of garden soil, compost, humus, sand. The acidity of the soil should be neutral.
Disembarkation dates
The Kandil Orlovsky apple tree is planted in the spring, after the onset of stable heat. The seedlings will root well and will be able to safely endure the winter frosts. In warm regions, it is allowed to plant an apple tree in the fall.
Seat selection
Trees are planted in an area well-lit by the sun, windswept cold. Groundwater should not come close to the ground surface.
Hole layout and dimensions
Trees are planted at a distance of 3-5 meters from each other. Planting apple trees is done as follows:
- dig a hole 1 meter deep, 80 centimeters wide;
- a drainage layer of small stones or expanded clay is laid on the bottom;
- pour a layer of earth mixed with mineral fertilizers;
- fill the pit with a fertile substrate;
- a sapling is placed in the middle, the roots are straightened;
- fall asleep with a substrate in such a way that the root collar is 7 centimeters above the ground level.
The seedlings are abundantly watered, mulch the soil with sawdust, straw, peat.
How to properly care
Care consists in timely watering, soil mulching, periodic fertilization. To prevent the appearance of diseases and pests, trees are sprayed with special preparations several times per season.
Watering
A young apple tree is abundantly watered when planting. Mature trees do not need frequent watering. Due to an excess of moisture, fruits may begin to crumble.Abundant watering of an adult apple is required during flowering and fruit setting.
Pruning and shaping the crown
Dry, broken, diseased branches are removed throughout the season. In the spring, cut off old shoots thickening the crown. To prevent the apple trees from growing too high, the tops of the trees are shortened.
Mulching
The trunk circle is sprinkled with straw, sawdust, rotted bark, peat. Mulching material helps to retain moisture in the soil, prevents the growth of weeds.
Note! Under the layer of mulch, adventitious roots are actively growing, which has a positive effect on the development of the apple tree.
Fertilization
In the spring, nitrogen substances are introduced to promote tree growth. During the period of fruit formation, minerals are used. Potassium is used in autumn.
Prevention of diseases and pests
To prevent the appearance of fungal diseases several times per season, the Kandil Orlovsky apple tree is treated with fungicides. Insecticides are used against insects. Plant debris is removed from the trunk circle, in which the larvae of pests can winter.
Preparing for winter
In the middle of autumn, water-charging irrigation is performed. Before the onset of frost, the root circle is mulched with sawdust or humus with a layer of 15 centimeters. The trunks of young trees are wrapped with agrofibre or burlap.
