Description of the best varieties of wrinkled roses, reproduction, planting and care
On the territory of Russia, among gardeners, the wrinkled rose variety is gaining popularity. She belongs to the rosehip family. It gained its popularity thanks to undemanding care and simple planting procedure. Despite these properties, it is difficult to find hybrids of this variety in the markets.
general information
The second name of the plant is rugosa rose. In the wild, it is distributed in northern China, Japan, Korea and the Far East. Grows in small groups on sandy seashores or coastal meadows. Protected by reserves.
The bushes have various shapes, the height of which does not exceed 2.5 meters. The rose can spread its whips or raise it above the ground. The plant is characterized by large flowers, the diameter of which can be from 6 to 12 cm. The aroma is pronounced. The color shades are varied and range from white to pink. Various varieties can have double or simple flowers. The inflorescences contain from one to 8 buds, up to 150 petals in each.
The period of abundant flowering of the rose of the Rugosa variety begins in June and lasts all summer. At this time, young buds, blossoming flowers and fruits are on the bushes. Not only young branches bloom, but also old shoots. Wrinkles and pubescence of a gray-green hue are formed on the leaves. Leaves reach a length of 22 cm. Leaves on hybrid species are characterized by a glossy sheen. A wrinkled rose has a large number of thorns that curl downward. The plant has large orange-red fruits. The size of the berries reaches 2-3 cm.
Wrinkled rose varieties
Rosa rugoza is the only species of its group. The progenitor who received the varieties of this flower was the gardener F. J. Grothendorst. The Dutch breeder founded Rosbergen und Grothendorst, whose main activity was the cultivation of new varieties. The most popular varieties of wrinkled rose hips grown in Russia are Alba, Hansa, Queen of the North, Rubra and Grothendorst.
Grothendorst
The most popular variety of wrinkled rose. Was bred by Belgian breeders in 1918 in a nursery. An upright bush reaches a height of 1.5 meters. The cultivar has the usual leaves for this species. A distinctive feature is the unusual shape of the flowers, due to which the rose is called carnation. Inflorescences are collected in 10-20 buds. The most common shades of petals are white, pink and crimson.The variety is frost-resistant.
Alba
The variety was bred by European gardeners. Alba bushes grow straight up and reach a height of 2 meters. The flowering period lasts for about a month, once a season. The variety has large flowers up to 8 cm in diameter. The petals are white or pale pink. Alba does not bear fruit, but is resistant to frost and pests.
Hansa
Plants of this species are not tall. They are used to create a hedge no more than 2 meters high. Terry petals have a lilac shade with golden splashes in the center of the flower. The buds are distinguished by their elongated shape. The flowering of the variety is long: it begins with the arrival of the summer season and ends in the first frosts. It is characterized by red-orange fruits that resemble small tomatoes.
Queen of the North
It got its name due to its high frost resistance. The plant has a high growth rate. The bushes have a standard height of 2 meters, but in cold regions they become compact. The flowering period is from June to early autumn. The diameter of a double flower can reach 12 cm. The petals are painted in white-pink or pink shades.
The fruits of the Queen of the North are often used as ingredients for preserves and jams because they contain beneficial elements.
Rubra
The variety is characterized by spreading whips, the length of which reaches 2.5 meters. Flowering lasts the entire summer period. It has large 12 cm flowers, pink shades of which are varied. Fruits are formed by the end of summer and are bright orange in color. Rubra is unpretentious in care, for which it gained its popularity as a hedge or a flower in a mixborder.
Growing features
The rose does not require painstaking care. But in order for the plant to please with its flowers, you should know some of the features of its cultivation.
These include:
- The landing site should be well lit and protected from drafts.
- It is important to add additional organic and mineral fertilizers to the soil before planting. The land is chosen fertile and thoroughly moistened before planting.
- The distance of half a meter between the bushes is well suited for planting hedges, in other cases the bushes are located 1.5 meters apart.
- The planting holes should be 20 cm deep.
Landing dates
The optimal timing for planting rugoza roses is the spring period. You should be guided by unblown buds and the absence of night frosts. The soil should be warmed up to +7 degrees. Autumn landing is also possible from mid-September to early October. It will allow the plant not only to strengthen in the ground, but also to increase immunity due to winter frosts.
How to choose a landing site
Roses need fertile soil. The landing site should be well lit. Drafts are not allowed. In a few days, the site intended for planting wrinkled roses is dug up. The depth of the contact should be the bayonet of the shovel. You should also apply organic fertilizers, for example, 8-10 kg of peat or humus per 1 sq. m. Of inorganic substances, superphosphate and potassium salt are used on the same area in the amount of 10 and 50 grams, respectively.
Selection of seedlings and planting
Before purchasing the seedling, carefully examine it. No damage to the root system or stem is allowed. The roots should not be dry or misshapen. 4 hours before planting, the sprouts are placed in a stimulant solution, for example, Kornevin. Planting is carried out in the morning or in the first half of the day, so that the root system will adapt to the soil temperature. For the prevention of fungal diseases, wood ash is poured at the bottom of the planting hole. After planting, the shoots are cut to a third of their length, watered abundantly and mulched.
Rose care
Wrinkled roses do not require special attention. Of the main agrotechnical measures for caring for flowers, they carry out: regular watering, fertilizing, mulching. To prolong flowering, cut the rose, pinch and mulch the soil around it.
Watering
This type of rose loves moisture, but requires regularity. Irrigation is carried out directly under the root. Liquid contact with leaves and buds can lead to their disease. During the period of active growth, the frequency of watering is 2 times a week. Up to 12 liters of water are consumed per bush. In rainy weather and with the onset of autumn, humidification is stopped.
Top dressing
As fertilizers, organic matter is applied twice a season. In spring and autumn, a solution of mullein and humus is used. At the beginning of the growing season, the plant needs iron and magnesium, which are replenished with special compounds. The use of multi-component fertilizing will increase the immunity of plants and prolong the flowering period. Fertilize at the root should be done after watering.
Loosening, mulching
Carrying out these activities is important in the first 3 years after planting a rose seedling, when the formation of the root system occurs. The soil is carefully cultivated around the bush. It is important not to damage the roots of the plant. The mulching procedure reduces the growth of unwanted grass. Also, the shelter allows you to keep soil moisture.
Pinching, pinching, pruning
The formation of wrinkled rose bushes allows you to control and guide the growth of the lashes. Pruning is carried out 2 years after planting. Its main purpose is to sanitize the plant, remove dry and damaged stems. The procedure is carried out in mid-spring before the emergence of young shoots. If the rose was planted as a hedge, then pinching and pinching is carried out annually.
Transfer
The lifespan of a rugosa rose in one place is 20 years. The transplant is carried out when the bush is infected or its flowering decreases. These actions are recommended after the completion of fruit formation. The plant is cut to the root, dug up along with a piece of soil and moved into a prepared trench. After that, liquid organic matter is introduced and covered for the winter.
Wintering
The wrinkled rose is frost-resistant and therefore well suited for breeding in cold regions. A shelter for the winter period is formed for those bushes that grow in the northern regions, which are under 3 years old and transplanted to a new site. Before wintering, the buds are cut, the fallen leaves and fruits are removed. Hilling and mulching are carried out. After that, the upper stems are wrapped in a cloth and covered with spruce branches. They remove the shelters after the threat of frost has passed.
Diseases, pests and control methods
Rugosa wrinkled rose is renowned for its resistance to diseases and pests. But taking preventive measures will not be superfluous. Rose can be negatively affected by powdery mildew, rust, rot. Among the pests that can attack it, the most popular are the leaf roll, sawfly and spider mite.
In the spring, they are treated with insecticide preparations. The procedure is carried out until the kidneys swell.
Breeding flowers
Like any garden rose, rugose and its hybrids propagate by cuttings. For procreation, strong stems with several buds are chosen. Flower cultivation is also possible with seeds. They are harvested from ripe fruits. The grains remain viable for several years. Every gardener chooses for himself a convenient way of growing these flowers.
Application in landscape design
These roses grow well and bloom most of the summer season. Therefore, it is convenient to plant them as a decorative hedge. Rugosa is suitable for decorating any flower bed or gazebo.
The popular garden wrinkled rose is valued for its unpretentious care. For abundant flowering, she will need a lighted area with fertile soil and no drafts. Regular watering and timely fertilization will enhance its beauty.
