What is the compound feed for piglets and pigs made of, types and the best producers
Pig feed contains essential nutrients, amino acids and digestive enzymes. The mixture has a homogeneous structure, so animals eat everything without selecting individual components. Food additives increase the digestibility of the feed, the balanced composition guarantees a quick weight gain.
What is the compound feed for pigs made of?
Manufacturers take into account the physiological state and age of pigs, produce dry feed for different age groups. The mixtures differ in composition and meet the requirements of GOST. The compound feed prepared according to any recipe contains 6-12 main ingredients and additives.
For adults
In 1 kg of complete feed for fattening pigs 1.12 feed units, 100% digestible protein, 48% fiber, 7% calcium, 5.5% phosphorus, 6% lysine. The composition of the compound feed is shown in the table.
| Raw materials | % |
| Corn and barley taken in a 1: 1 ratio | 73,5 |
| Wheat bran | 14 |
| Feed yeast | 2,3 |
| Fish meal and meat and bone meal, taken in a 1: 1 ratio | 1,9 |
| Sunflower or soybean meal | 2,8 |
| Peas | 2 |
| Herbal flour | 2 |
| a piece of chalk | 1 |
| Salt | 0,5 |
For pregnant and lactating sows, special feed is produced. Animals in these physiological states have special requirements for composition and nutritional value. Pregnant sows need fewer amino acids and minerals than lactating sows.
| Raw materials for the production of dry concentrate | Sows pregnant (%) | Lactating sows (%) |
| Barley | 20-70 | 20-70 |
| Oats | up to 30 | Up to 15 |
| Wheat, corn | Up to 40 | Up to 40 |
| Feed oil | 0,5-1 | 1-3 |
| Soy | To 10 | Up to 15 |
| Fish flour | Until 3 | Up to 5 |
| Peas | To 10 | To 10 |
| Rapeseed meal | To 10 | Up to 7 |
| Sunflower meal | To 10 | Up to 5 |
| Dry pulp | Up to 25 | Up to 5 |
| Wheat bran | Up to 20 | Up to 5 |
The average daily portion per sow in the first period of gestation is 2.3 kg, during the second period of gestation - 2.9-3.3 kg, the last 5 days before farrowing - 1.5 kg. The amount of dry feed per day during lactation is given, correcting for the number of piglets:
- 8 suckers - 4.8 kg;
- 10 suckers - 5.5 kg;
- 12 suckers - 6.1 kg.
After weaning, the mass of the complete feed is gradually increased to 7 kg for 10 days.
| Content (%) | Barley | Oats | Meal | Meat and bone meal | Alfalfa flour | a piece of chalk | Salt | Premix |
| Boar producer | 30 | 40 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
For piglets
The future productivity of the livestock depends on how the suckers are fed in the first days of life. The sows are given special nutrition so that little piglets get the maximum amount of nutrients with milk. Already on the 3-7th day, they begin to give crumb feed.
| Ingredients | Suckling piglets of the first month of life (4 to 30 days) | Suckling piglets of the second month of life (from 31st to 60th day) |
| Corn flour | 28% | 23% |
| Oat flour | 30% | 35% |
| Flaxseed cake | 10% | 9% |
| Wheat bran | 5% | 7% |
| Feed yeast | 5% | 4% |
| Back dry | 10% | 13% |
| Fish flour | 10% | 6% |
| a piece of chalk | 0,5% | 0,5% |
| Salt | 0,3% | 0,5% |
Piglets for fattening from 2 to 4 months require a different composition, the percentage of ingredients in the compound feed depends on the weight of the animal.
| Weight | Barley | Wheat | Corn | Peas | Sunflower meal | Meat and bone meal | Fodder yeast | Premix |
| 9-20 kg | 33% | 23% | 19% | 10% | 9% | 3% | 6% | 3% |
| 20-45 kg | 35% | 20% | 23% | 12% | 5% | 3% | 3% | 2% |
| 45-100 kg | 45% | 35% | 10% | 5% | 2% | 3% | 0% | 0% |
Types of compound feed
For piglets from the 5th to the 49th day of life, pre-start compound feed is purchased. Starting from the 50th day, they switch to starter feed. They are given until the weight of the pig reaches 20-35 kg. With a piglet weighing 30-65 kg, use growth, enriched with various additives, compound feed. Adult boars and sows are transferred to finishing feed.
By release form
Produce 2 types of compound feed - loose and granules. Fractions of granulated feed:
- for piglets do not exceed 8 mm;
- for adult animals do not exceed 10 mm.
Loose compound feed is produced in different grindings: small, medium, large.
By appointment
Compound feed is used as an additive to the main menu or as a main feed. In the first case, concentrated feed is used, in the second case, full-feed.
| View | For sows and boars | For piglets | For replacement pigs aged 4-8 months | For fattening | For fattening |
| Complete | SPK-1, -2 | SPK-3, -4, -5 | SPK-6 | SPK-7, -8, -9, -10, -11, -12 | SPK-13 |
| Concentrated | SKK-54, -57 | SKK-50, -51 | SKK-52 | SKK-55 | SKK-58 |
Top manufacturers
There are plants for the production of concentrated feed for pigs in many federal districts. There are 55 large manufacturers in Russia. The first lines of the rating are occupied by:
- LLC "Cherkizovo Group";
- Prioskolye CJSC;
- APH Miratorg.
Premium brands of feed are supplied by the British company AB Agri and the German company AGRAVIS Raiffeisen.
Homemade compound feed for pigs
It is beneficial to make your own concentrated feed mixture on the farm. The main ingredients for its production are shown in the table.
| % | Ingredient |
| 30 | Sunflower meal |
| 20 | Corn |
| 20 | Barley |
| 10 | Wheat |
| 0,2 | Salt |
The rate of compound feed per 1 kg of weight gain is 5.5 kg.
To make a homemade feed mixture, equipment is required:
- to maintain exact proportions - scales;
- for grinding ingredients - grain crusher;
- to destroy bacteria in the mixture, to increase its digestibility - an extruder;
- for shaping the feed mixture - a granulator.
First, the grain is washed, dried, then it and other ingredients are passed through the grain grinder. The resulting mixture is thoroughly mixed, water is added. The mass is passed first through an extruder, then through a granulator. The granules obtained at the exit are dried and used for feeding pigs.
| Recipe | Age group | Ingredient | amount |
| 1 | Adult pigs | Barley | 300 g |
| Oats | 250 g | ||
| Herbal flour (alfalfa) | 120 g | ||
| Meat and bone meal | 110 g | ||
| Sunflower cake | 70 g | ||
| Crushed chalk | 20 g | ||
| Salt | 10 g | ||
| 2 | Piglets | Barley | 1 kg |
| Fodder lard | 40 g | ||
| Fodder yeast | 90 g | ||
| Crushed chalk | 15 g | ||
| Salt | 5 g |
Feeding rules
Up to six months, piglets are fed from 3 to 5 times a day, adult boars and sows are fed 2 times a day. Calculate the daily rate, divide it by the number of feedings. Suckers and weaners are fed warm (30 ° C) forage.
| Consistency of the finished feed mixture | Dry food to water ratio |
| Liquid | 3:1 |
| Thick | 2,5:1 |
| Viscous | 1,5:1 |
| Wet scatter | 1:1 |
| Dry scatter | 1:0,5 |
Water is added right before feeding. Fattening piglets are mixed with root crops (beets, carrots), potatoes, peas, breeder boars, in addition to the feed mixture, are given milk and animal products, pregnant sows are supplemented with herbs, potatoes, legumes.
